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		<title>Future of Transparent OLEDs is in Automobiles: CEO of OTI Lumionics</title>
		<link>https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/18/future-transparent-oleds-automobiles-ceo-oti-lumionics/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joel Joseph]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 Sep 2020 14:39:22 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Top Stories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[foldable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OLED]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OLED Display]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OTI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OTI Lumionics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transparent OLED]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transparent screen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Under-display Camera]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.gizmochina.com/?p=342841</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="185" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-300x185.jpg?x10805" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="LG-Transparent-OLED-Display" loading="lazy" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-300x185.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-768x475.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-1024x633.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-356x220.jpg 356w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-696x430.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-1068x660.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-680x420.jpg 680w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><p>Last week, we posted a special story on under-display cameras with inputs from the CEO of OTI Lumionics, Michael Helander. We discussed Xiaomi, ZTE, and under screen cameras in general and how the technology would evolve in the coming years.   Today, we publish the second and the final part of the series, focused on transparent [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/18/future-transparent-oleds-automobiles-ceo-oti-lumionics/">Future of Transparent OLEDs is in Automobiles: CEO of OTI Lumionics</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com">Gizmochina</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="185" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-300x185.jpg?x10805" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="LG-Transparent-OLED-Display" loading="lazy" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-300x185.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-768x475.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-1024x633.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-356x220.jpg 356w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-696x430.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-1068x660.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-680x420.jpg 680w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Last week, we posted a <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/10/under-display-camera-oled-development-application-future/">special story on under-display cameras</a> with inputs from the CEO of OTI Lumionics, Michael Helander. We discussed Xiaomi, ZTE, and under screen cameras in general and how the technology would evolve in the coming years.  </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Today, we publish the second and the final part of the series, focused on transparent OLEDs and foldable displays. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you haven’t read the first part yet, I would suggest reading it <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/10/under-display-camera-oled-development-application-future/">first here</a>. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341101" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341101" style="width: 600px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/s_3ac627b3ddda456490008b66b150a6b5.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="wp-image-341101 size-full" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/s_3ac627b3ddda456490008b66b150a6b5.jpg?x10805" alt="Xiaomi Transparent TV  OLED" width="600" height="323" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/s_3ac627b3ddda456490008b66b150a6b5.jpg 600w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/s_3ac627b3ddda456490008b66b150a6b5-300x162.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341101" class="wp-caption-text">Xiaomi Transparent TV OLED</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As you might have already realized from the first part on under screen cameras, transparent OLED development is the real reason why we can add cameras underneath the display. But the first set of devices to get a completely transparent screen are not going to be smartphones, rather, it would be much larger devices like TVs and automobiles. </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>Transparent, Clear OLEDs won’t likely replace your traditional TVs</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Remember Xiaomi’s premium </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/08/11/xiaomi-mi-tv-lux-oled-transparent-edition-launch/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mi TV Lux OLED transparent TV</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">?</span></p>
<figure id="attachment_336526" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-336526" style="width: 4000px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-336526" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured.jpg?x10805" alt="Xiaomi Mi TV LUX OLED Transparent Edition Featured" width="4000" height="2604" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured.jpg 4000w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-300x195.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-768x500.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-1024x667.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-696x453.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-1068x695.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-645x420.jpg 645w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Xiaomi-Mi-TV-LUX-OLED-Transparent-Edition-Featured-1920x1250.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 4000px) 100vw, 4000px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-336526" class="wp-caption-text">Xiaomi Mi TV LUX OLED Transparent Edition</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It looked very cool for a 2020 TV. But transparent OLED TVs are all set to become a lot more transparent in the coming years. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Xiaomi’s Mi TV Lux had a transparency of around 33% which was pretty good, but Michael, CEO of<a href="https://otilumionics.com/"> OTI Lumionics</a>, says its ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM material solution can help display makers manufacture TVs with nearly 65% transparency. The company even showcased such a transparent panel at Shanghai with ITRI from Taiwan. And it is currently working with panel makers to mass produce transparent displays with such high levels of transparency. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_343016" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-343016" style="width: 720px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Transparent-with-Fish-landscape-1.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="wp-image-343016 size-full" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Transparent-with-Fish-landscape-1.jpg?x10805" alt="Transparent-with-Fish-landscape" width="720" height="480" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Transparent-with-Fish-landscape-1.jpg 720w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Transparent-with-Fish-landscape-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Transparent-with-Fish-landscape-1-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Transparent-with-Fish-landscape-1-630x420.jpg 630w" sizes="(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-343016" class="wp-caption-text">Transparent OLED made with OTI Lumionic&#8217;s <span style="font-weight: 400;"> ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></span> CPM</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This brings us to the next big question. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Will the next revolutionary TV in the industry be a transparent OLED TV? Will they replace our standard OLED TVs in the future?</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael said that he was a bit skeptical about<a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/transparent-OLED"> transparent OLED</a>s replacing our regular OLED TVs.</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “To me, the value is not a transparent OLED TV replacing the normal TV that you have in your life, like the living room or your gaming monitor. I think those will stay the same. Cost will come down and we&#8217;ll see more people with OLED TV&#8217;s. And where the transparent TV is going to come in is new applications.”</span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">He said that transparent OLED TVs are likely to be used in new places. He was quick to point out the news about the </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/08/21/lg-display-transparent-displays-for-beijing-shenzhen-subways/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Beijing Metro installing LG’s transparent OLED TVs</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to display travel information. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_338199" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-338199" style="width: 400px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821_160105_450.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-338199" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821_160105_450.jpg?x10805" alt="LG" width="400" height="300" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821_160105_450.jpg 400w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821_160105_450-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821_160105_450-80x60.jpg 80w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821_160105_450-265x198.jpg 265w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-338199" class="wp-caption-text">LG Display transparent OLED Panel in China subway</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael says that when it comes to transparent OLEDs or even regular OLEDs in general, some of their most exciting applications have not been thought about yet. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For example, take LG&#8217;s rollable OLED TV. It was initially conceptualized as a TV with a minimalistic design for your home. However, he said that consumers who checked out the TV had a very interesting question, ‘How much does a whole box weigh?’  </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_343026" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-343026" style="width: 1600px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-343026" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV.jpg?x10805" alt="LG rollable OLED TV" width="1600" height="750" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV.jpg 1600w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV-300x141.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV-768x360.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV-1024x480.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV-696x326.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV-1068x501.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-rollable-OLED-TV-896x420.jpg 896w" sizes="(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-343026" class="wp-caption-text">LG rollable OLED TV<br />Source: LG</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">He explains that after seeing the TV in the enclosed state, consumers suddenly realized</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “my TV now rolls up to this little box and it&#8217;s pretty light. Suddenly, I can move the TV around wherever I want. Take it to my friend&#8217;s place.”</span></i></p>
<figure id="attachment_343025" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-343025" style="width: 1806px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-343025" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design.png?x10805" alt="LG Rollable OLED TV design" width="1806" height="777" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design.png 1806w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design-300x129.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design-768x330.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design-1024x441.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design-696x299.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design-1068x459.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-Rollable-OLED-TV-design-976x420.png 976w" sizes="(max-width: 1806px) 100vw, 1806px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-343025" class="wp-caption-text">LG Rollable OLED TV three different states<br />Source: LG</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This feedback from the customers got the company thinking and they were considering bringing down the size of the base unit by making it smaller, narrower, and lighter, potentially allowing customers to carry it around. This was probably never in their minds when they developed this product, but it shows how new applications for transparent and flexible OLEDs will open up in the coming years. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Also Read:</span> <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/11/lg-launching-163-inch-tv-with-microled-display/">LG is launching a 163-inch TV with a microLED display</a></strong></p>
<h3><b>Transparent OLEDs will take over your high-end Automobiles</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael further explains that ultra-clear and transparent OLEDs can shine in the automotive industry.</span></p>
<figure id="attachment_343029" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-343029" style="width: 1200px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-343029" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade.jpg?x10805" alt="Tesla Touchscreen Display Console" width="1200" height="600" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade.jpg 1200w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade-300x150.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade-768x384.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade-696x348.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade-1068x534.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/infotainment-upgrade-840x420.jpg 840w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-343029" class="wp-caption-text">Tesla Touchscreen Display Console<br />Source: Tesla</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It’s the age of cars with large displays in the center console and we have to thank Tesla for that. <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/oti-lumionics">OTI Lumionics</a> has received a lot of interest from car manufacturers to add one large, transparent display on the console. These carmakers believe that such a transparent display would offer a futuristic feeling to the driver and the passengers. Another benefit is that this design would make the interior look large and roomy.  </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_343034" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-343034" style="width: 3264px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-343034" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment.png?x10805" alt="LG OLED Car Infotainment" width="3264" height="2448" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment.png 3264w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-300x225.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-768x576.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-1024x768.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-80x60.png 80w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-265x198.png 265w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-696x522.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-1068x801.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-560x420.png 560w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LG-OLED-Car-Infotainment-1920x1440.png 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 3264px) 100vw, 3264px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-343034" class="wp-caption-text">LG OLED Car Infotainment Demo<br />Source: LGDisplay</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But there’s another area where clear, transparent OLEDs can shine &#8211; HUDs and side windows. The current transparent <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/oled">OLEDs</a> are essentially just 30-40% transparent, so your see-through image is blurry. For using OLEDs in Heads up display or even on the side windows of cars, the OLEDs need to be very extremely transparent, allowing a clear view of what’s happening outside. So the driver and the passengers should be able to clearly see pedestrians, stop signs, and traffic lights. </span></p>
<p>Even BOE recently <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/09/boe-new-dimming-windows/">demoed a transparent OLED</a> solution for car side windows with a smart dimming feature.</p>
<figure id="attachment_341259" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341259" style="width: 640px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/BOE-Side-Window-Dimming.gif?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341259" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/BOE-Side-Window-Dimming.gif?x10805" alt="BOE Side Window Dimming" width="640" height="360" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341259" class="wp-caption-text">BOE Side Window Dimming Concept</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This sounds like a cool and futuristic application of OLEDs. But how far off are we from seeing such applications in real life, especially if it’s going to be very expensive to manufacture?</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>Transparent OLEDs of the future won’t have exorbitant manufacturing costs </b></h3>
<p>The real area where transparent OLEDs will shine will be in larger form factors like car windows, HUDs, or even new applications like a conference table with a transparent OLED touch screen on top.</p>
<p>But in order for them to be feasible, it&#8217;s important that the manufacturing cost isn&#8217;t exorbitantly high.</p>
<figure id="attachment_343015" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-343015" style="width: 1256px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-343015" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics.png?x10805" alt="transparent OLED OTI Lumionics" width="1256" height="704" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics.png 1256w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics-300x168.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics-768x430.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics-1024x574.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics-696x390.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics-1068x599.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/transparent-OLED-OTI-Lumionics-749x420.png 749w" sizes="(max-width: 1256px) 100vw, 1256px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-343015" class="wp-caption-text">transparent OLED<br />source: OTI Lumionics</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But Michael says that it’s not going to cost a bomb manufacturing these super transparent OLEDs.  </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">“The beauty of our solution is the process of manufacturing, the cost of making one hole in one area is exactly the same as making a million holes on the whole display regardless of the size. [Our] technology is scalable, to a very small display to a very large display.”</span></i></p>
<p>So it looks like cars and devices with transparent OLEDs aren&#8217;t very far off. And in the next few years, we might actually come across multiple products from different fields using a transparent OLED to enhance our experience.</p>
<p>Another emerging field where OTI Lumionics is helping display makers is foldables.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Editor&#8217;s Pick:</span> <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/16/samsung-foldable-oled-panel-smallest-curvature/">Samsung unveils foldable OLED panel with world’s smallest curvature</a></strong></p>
<h3><b>OTI Lumionics helps to develop Power Efficient Foldable Displays </b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Foldables are the future of smartphones and slowly, but steadily, we are seeing an inflow of foldable smartphones in the market. Samsung recently announced its second-generation <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/product/samsung-galaxy-z-fold2-5g/">Galaxy Fold Z 2</a> globally and even Motorola has its <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/16/moto-razr-5g-sold-out-in-just-two-minutes-in-its-first-china-sales/">Razr foldable</a> in the market. Next year, we can expect <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/18/royole-flexpai-2-tenaa-7-8-inch-display-sd865/">more manufacturers</a> to join the foldable race. </span></p>
<p><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Samsung-Galaxy-Z-Fold-2-2.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-341314" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Samsung-Galaxy-Z-Fold-2-2.jpg?x10805" alt="Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 2" width="600" height="346" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Samsung-Galaxy-Z-Fold-2-2.jpg 600w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Samsung-Galaxy-Z-Fold-2-2-300x173.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">OTI Lumionics is not directly involved in the manufacturing of flexible, foldable OLED displays. But they do play an important part in foldable OLED development. The company’s cathode patterning technology helps display manufacturers to improve the power efficiency of their foldable panels.  </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael explains that<a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/foldable"> foldable</a> smartphones have large displays, comparable to tablets and even small laptops. But you can’t add a proportionally larger battery on the device, which affects battery life.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In fact, Michael revealed that as you increase the size of the foldable <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/oled">OLED</a> panel, its power consumption doesn’t increase linearly. For example, the power consumption of a 12-inch OLED panel is not double the consumption of a 6-inch panel. It’s way more than that. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Micheal explains,</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “Part of that is because the top metal layer is one common layer that coats the whole display. So all the electricity and current that goes through every single Pixel in the display has to go through that very thin layer of metal and then conduct all the way to the edge of the screen and through the contacts back into the driver circuit. And so, [for a] 5 or 6-inch mobile panel that&#8217;s not a problem. As you start going to a tablet, laptop, monitor [size] that becomes problematic and can limit the brightness and power consumption of the display. This is obviously a very important issue for a foldable.”</span></i></p>
<p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Our same patterning [for making transparent OLEDs] technology can be used to help solve that kind of conductivity issue which then lowers power consumption and allows you to build foldable devices that have comparable power consumption to a smaller size this way.”</span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></p>
<h3><b>Michael believes Surface Duo form factor is better for productivity than Foldables</b></h3>
<p>2020 foldable smartphones aren&#8217;t perfect. They still have the issue of durability as compared to other devices and then you have to ignore some issues like the crease line on the display.</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">When asked about the crease line on foldables, Michael said that it’s technically challenging to remove that crease line without compromising the mechanical strength of the display. In fact, Michael says that he prefers a form factor like the <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/product/microsoft-surface-duo/">Microsoft Surface Duo</a> over foldables with two separate displays and a hinge.</span></p>
<p><img src="https://img-prod-cms-rt-microsoft-com.akamaized.net/cms/api/am/imageFileData/RE4ALQi?ver=50da&amp;q=90&amp;m=6&amp;h=820&amp;w=1920&amp;b=%23FFFFFFFF&amp;l=f&amp;o=t&amp;aim=true" alt="A pair of hands hold up Surface Duo with Spotify &amp; Outlook" /></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael added that from a productivity perspective, having two separate displays made a lot of sense. </span></p>
<p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">“[On] a larger display, what I want is to be able to show multiple applications &#8212; side by side and then on a larger area display, I either have to draw a line on the display </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">or have that cut across individual displays, which is why again.. my personal opinion is the Microsoft Duo type of concept makes a lot more sense in terms of value proposition particularly because it can be made today with existing displays at a fraction of the cost of using a very complicated, hinge and folding structure and flexible glass and flexible display, which as we&#8217;ve seen in the Galaxy fold series is incredibly expensive.”</span></em></p>
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<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">He adds that foldable displays are definitely fun but when it comes to durability, price, and multi-tasking, a dual-display design like the Surface Duo can be very useful. He further notes that thickness is another issue with foldable phones, which doesn’t make them comfortable to put it in your pockets.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This is actually a pretty good point. When you look at the Galaxy Fold Z 2, it measures 16mm in thickness in its folded state, while the Surface Duo measures under 9mm. </span>So in the current scenario, a form factor like the Surface duo makes sense.</p>
<h3>Transparent, Foldable, Flexible OLEDs will reach more sectors</h3>
<figure id="attachment_316720" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-316720" style="width: 1280px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="wp-image-316720 size-full" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display.jpg?x10805" alt="LG Transparent OLED Display" width="1280" height="791" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display.jpg 1280w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-300x185.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-768x475.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-1024x633.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-356x220.jpg 356w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-696x430.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-1068x660.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/LG-Transparent-OLED-Display-680x420.jpg 680w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-316720" class="wp-caption-text">LG Transparent OLED Display Source: LG</figcaption></figure>
<p>It&#8217;s clear that OLEDs are going to take over a lot more sectors in the coming years, right from our home, offices, transportation to AR and VR. Companies are spending billions of dollars in research and development of new generation OLED panels and there&#8217;s no doubt that we&#8217;ll soon see better and more power-efficient OLED panels in the coming years.</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And when you see a product using transparent, foldable, rollable OLEDs, know that it is companies like OTI Lumionics that work behind the scenes to bring concepts that were originally seen only in movies to reality. </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/18/future-transparent-oleds-automobiles-ceo-oti-lumionics/">Future of Transparent OLEDs is in Automobiles: CEO of OTI Lumionics</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com">Gizmochina</a>.</p>
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		<enclosure url="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/5ed99868-2638-411f-98e5-e6ac0d27_3400.mp4" length="3167000" type="video/mp4" />

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		<title>[UPDATED] Explained: Under Display Cameras &#038; its Application with the CEO of OTI Lumionics</title>
		<link>https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/10/under-display-camera-oled-development-application-future/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joel Joseph]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2020 15:36:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Top Stories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conductorr CPM]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OLED]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OLED TV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OTI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OTI Lumionics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transparent OLED]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[under screen cameras]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Under-display Camera]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Xiaomi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ZTE]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.gizmochina.com/?p=341333</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="201" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-300x201.jpg?x10805" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="Under Display Camera Featured" loading="lazy" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-300x201.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-768x515.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-696x467.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-627x420.jpg 627w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured.jpg 925w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><p>UPDATE: The second and final part of this interview which talks about transparent OLEDs and foldable has been published. You can check it out here. &#160; Smartphone and TV displays have become incredibly sharp, bright, and contrasty over the past few years and a lot of this credit goes to the rapid improvement in OLED [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/10/under-display-camera-oled-development-application-future/">[UPDATED] Explained: Under Display Cameras &#038; its Application with the CEO of OTI Lumionics</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com">Gizmochina</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="201" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-300x201.jpg?x10805" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="Under Display Camera Featured" loading="lazy" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-300x201.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-768x515.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-696x467.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured-627x420.jpg 627w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Under-Display-Camera-Featured.jpg 925w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><h3>UPDATE:</h3>
<p>The second and final part of this interview which talks about transparent OLEDs and foldable has been published. You can check it <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/18/future-transparent-oleds-automobiles-ceo-oti-lumionics/">out here</a>.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Smartphone and TV displays have become incredibly sharp, bright, and contrasty over the past few years and a lot of this credit goes to the rapid improvement in OLED technology. This display technology has advanced to a level where we have flexible, foldable, and even rollable OLEDs in the market. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_126226" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-126226" style="width: 1024px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/LG-Flexible-Display.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-126226" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/LG-Flexible-Display.jpg?x10805" alt="LG Flexible Display" width="1024" height="503" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/LG-Flexible-Display.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/LG-Flexible-Display-300x147.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/LG-Flexible-Display-768x377.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-126226" class="wp-caption-text">LG&#8217;s Flexible Display shown off at an event in 2017</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But what’s next?</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">To talk about the future of OLEDs, we needed someone from the inside, an expert who’s actively involved in the development of <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/oled">OLED</a> panels. Last week, I had the opportunity to interview the CEO of OTI Lumionics, Michael Helander. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341379" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341379" style="width: 1620px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341379" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics.jpg?x10805" alt="Michael Helander, OTI Lumionics" width="1620" height="1080" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics.jpg 1620w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics-1068x712.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Michael-Helander-OTI-Lumionics-630x420.jpg 630w" sizes="(max-width: 1620px) 100vw, 1620px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341379" class="wp-caption-text">Michael Helander, OTI Lumionics</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael has a Ph.D. in Materials Engineering from the University of Toronto. He along with his colleague Zhibin Wang cofounded OTI Lumionics back in 2011 after they made an important discovery that reduced the power consumption of OLEDs while increasing its brightness. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Since then, <a href="https://otilumionics.com/">OTI Lumionics</a> has been fully involved in the research and development of OLEDs. But their most exciting development is the new ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Electrode that brings out new applications for OLED panels. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341372" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341372" style="width: 5184px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341372" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678.jpg?x10805" alt="Conductorr CPM OTI Lumionics" width="5184" height="3456" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678.jpg 5184w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-1068x712.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-630x420.jpg 630w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_7678-1920x1280.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 5184px) 100vw, 5184px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341372" class="wp-caption-text">Conductorr CPM, OTI Lumionics</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In my interview last week, Micheal shared his incredible insights about under-display cameras and OLEDs. I learned so much about OLEDs in the interview that even after removing the non-important parts, this article was turning out to be exceptionally long. So, I’ve decided to split this interview story into two parts. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Today’s article will focus on under-display cameras, how they work, its future, and the challenges faced by manufacturers in mass production. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The second part of this interview piece will be published later this week and will focus on transparent OLED TVs and its application, along with a few insights on foldable OLED panels. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Please note that due to the nature of the interview, this article won’t be in a simple question and answer format. Instead, it will focus on specific areas of an under-screen camera like its development and applications. But rest assured, I have tried my level best to retain Michael’s tone and explanations. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">I hope this interview turns out to be incredibly insightful and gives you a thorough understanding of how under-screen cameras work and its future applications.  </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>How does OTI Lumionics contribute to the OLED industry?</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Most of us have probably never heard of the name OTI Lumionics. This is because it doesn&#8217;t make consumer-grade OLEDs like LG Display or BOE. Instead, the company works behind the scenes and helps display makers to manufacture their OLED panels for smartphones, TVs, and more.</span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341373" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341373" style="width: 1280px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341373" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo.jpg?x10805" alt="oti-logo" width="1280" height="640" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo.jpg 1280w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo-300x150.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo-768x384.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo-696x348.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo-1068x534.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/oti-logo-840x420.jpg 840w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341373" class="wp-caption-text">OTI Lumionics logo</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">When asked about OTI’s contribution’s in the OLED scene, Michael explained that OTI Lumionics supplied advanced materials and chemicals to companies to manufacture high-quality OLED panels on a large scale. The company works in synergy with other suppliers like Universal Display Corporation to enable display makers to manufacture panels with higher efficiency, higher brightness, and longer battery life. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341369" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341369" style="width: 5184px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341369" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1.jpg?x10805" alt="Inside OTI Lumionics Lab" width="5184" height="3456" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1.jpg 5184w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-1068x712.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-630x420.jpg 630w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IMG_8215-v1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 5184px) 100vw, 5184px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341369" class="wp-caption-text">Inside OTI Lumionics&#8217; Research Lab</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The company has a dedicated Material’s Discovery Team which applies state of the art high-performance computing (HPC) simulations along with machine learning AI algorithms to discover and design production-ready advanced materials. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Their<strong> ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />Electrode for OLED Cathode Patterning</strong>, which enables better under-display cameras, is a product of this department. </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>What is OTI Lumionic’s Conductorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> Cathode Patterning Material (CPM)?</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In simple terms, ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM enables manufacturers to pattern holes in between the OLED pixels for better transmission of light for the cameras underneath. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">To get a better understanding of how under-display cameras work on smartphones and other devices, we need to first understand how camera sensors work and why putting it under a regular OLED panel makes it almost impossible to reproduce images. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_327957" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-327957" style="width: 2048px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-327957" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03.jpg?x10805" alt="iQOO Z1 Review notch featured" width="2048" height="1152" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03.jpg 2048w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-696x392.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-1068x601.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-747x420.jpg 747w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/iQOO-Z1-Review-03-1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-327957" class="wp-caption-text">iQOO Z1&#8217;s notch camera solution</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Our smartphone camera sensors need light to capture images. This means, every camera sensor, including cameras that are hidden under the display, need access to light to process and churn out good quality selfies. But our regular OLED panels are not transparent, which means, it won’t allow light to reach the camera sensor that lies below it. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">So, in order for the under-display camera to work, you need the display or at least the section above the camera sensor to be relatively transparent and allow light and other signals (like for 3D face recognition) to pass through. This means, the OLED panels used in under-display camera phones have to be customized for this purpose &#8211; which is not an easy job, especially when you have to come up with solutions that are scalable for manufacturing millions of such panels. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341364" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341364" style="width: 775px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341364" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch.jpg?x10805" alt="Regular Notch Phone Camera Solution " width="775" height="494" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch.jpg 775w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch-300x191.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch-768x490.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch-696x444.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-notch-659x420.jpg 659w" sizes="(max-width: 775px) 100vw, 775px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341364" class="wp-caption-text">Regular Notch Phone Camera Solution<br />Source: OTI Lumionics</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael explains, </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">“So if you look at the cross-section of an OLED display, it’s made up of a bunch of different layers, kind of stacked one on top of the other. And at the very top of the display is actually one of the electrodes </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">that&#8217;s used to get electricity into the display that&#8217;s been converted into light for the direct admission from each OLED pixel.</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> And so, that layer of metal covers the entire surface of the display and it&#8217;s very thin. It&#8217;s like nanometer-scale thickness.”</span></i></p>
<p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">He adds, “But because it’s metal, it still blocks a bunch of light, which lowers the brightness. If you&#8217;re trying to put a camera under there, it lowers the transparency and could create a bunch of problems. The challenge has been in manufacturing on a very large scale the way that these displays are made. There&#8217;s no way to effectively pattern that metal layer to create holes or make it thinner in some areas and thicker in others.”</span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This is the reason why we didn&#8217;t see <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/under-display-camera">under-display cameras</a> until 2020. But now, companies have finally managed to improve the transparency of OLED panels for this purpose. And thanks to new solutions from companies like </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">OTI Lumionics, increasing the transparency of a part of the display or the entire OLED panel is not so difficult anymore. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">OTI Lumionic’s ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM solution increases the transparency of the display during the manufacturing process by patterning holes in between the pixels.</span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341363" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341363" style="width: 775px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341363" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics.jpg?x10805" alt="Under Display Camera OLED with Conductorr tech" width="775" height="494" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics.jpg 775w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics-300x191.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics-768x490.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics-696x444.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/mobile-display-with-conductorr-oti-lumionics-659x420.jpg 659w" sizes="(max-width: 775px) 100vw, 775px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341363" class="wp-caption-text">Under Display Camera OLED with Conductorr tech</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael explains,</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “So then where we fit in, is our </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ConducTorr</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> cathode patterning materials  (CPM.) You can think of it like an anti-stick coating for metal. So what display manufacturers do is they&#8217;ll deposit our material in areas [that] they don&#8217;t want any metal to form and then they do the rest of their normal manufacturing process. And they&#8217;ll end up with either holes in that metal layer, or some areas can be made thicker [or] thinner. It allows them to do a very high degree of optimization that otherwise is impossible to do in the existing manufacturing process.” </span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The idea here is to use the space between the pixels, pattern holes in them, and thereby increase the transmission of light and signals. This is similar to the </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/08/28/xiaomi-perfected-third-gen-under-screen-camera-technology-prototype/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">explanation given by Xiaomi </span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">on how its own under-display camera was developed (but without the holes). </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, Michael adds that the quality and durability of OLEDs panels are considerably affected by the method used to make holes in these pixels. ZTE, Xiaomi, and OTI Lumionics essentially rely on using the space between the pixels to increase light transmission, but the way they achieve it can significantly impact the overall quality of the OLED display panel on top. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael explained that none of the technologies in use right now, may it be ZTE’s <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/under-screen-camera">under-screen camera</a> solution or even Xiaomi’s solution, can match up to real-world expectations. On the other hand, he was confident that OTI’s ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM technology would enable better and more efficient under-display cameras. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">To further understand the difference in the approach adopted by different manufacturers, let’s take a closer look at the existing solutions from ZTE and Xiaomi. </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h4><b>ZTE’s Under Display Camera Solution </b></h4>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Instead of patterning (or making holes in) the top metal layer of the OLED display on the Axon 20 5G (which was announced </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/01/zte-axon-20-5g-the-worlds-first-under-display-camera-phone-goes-official/#:~:text=News-,ZTE%20Axon%2020%205G%2C%20the%20world's%20first%20under,display%20camera%20phone%20goes%20Official!&amp;text=ZTE%20revealed%20a%20couple%20of,an%20under%2Ddisplay%20fingerprint%20sensor."><span style="font-weight: 400;">earlier this month</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">), <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/zte">ZTE</a> decided to replace the top portion with a material that’s more transparent. So the camera that’s located on the top part of the display gets more light due to the higher transparency.</span></p>
<p><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Axon-20-5G-colorway.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-338423" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Axon-20-5G-colorway.jpg?x10805" alt="Axon 20 5G colorway" width="690" height="388" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Axon-20-5G-colorway.jpg 690w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Axon-20-5G-colorway-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px" /></a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, in the process, </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/product/zte-axon-20-5g/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ZTE Axon 20 5G</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">’s display on top of the under-display camera has a lower resolution (so the pixels are more spaced out, which means more space for light to pass). But to ensure that the top portion that features a lower resolution doesn’t stand out significantly, ZTE has to drive the pixels in that area way brighter than the rest of the display. This can potentially affect the reliability of the display area on top of the camera. After all, we all know how OLEDs are susceptible to burn-in. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another issue with ZTE’s solution is that the color quality of the display won’t be uniform. Since the part above the camera has a different, thinner, and more transparent material than the rest of the display, you’ll notice the slight shift in colors. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341617" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341617" style="width: 1678px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341617" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited.png?x10805" alt="Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited" width="1678" height="875" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited.png 1678w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited-300x156.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited-768x400.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited-1024x534.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited-696x363.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited-1068x557.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Axon-20-UD-camera-UI-elements-break-the-uniformity-of-the-display-Pheonix-Lab-edited-805x420.png 805w" sizes="(max-width: 1678px) 100vw, 1678px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341617" class="wp-caption-text">Axon 20&#8217;s UI elements on top reveals the difference in the quality of the panel covering the camera</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">So to get around this drawback, Micheal said that ZTE had to limit the UI to only show notifications and non-important content in the area where the camera lies so that it&#8217;s less noticeable to the user. But for different user interfaces and operating systems, this software solution is never going to be sustainable in the long run. </span></p>

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                            <a class="slide-gallery-image-link" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited.png?x10805" title="ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited"  data-caption="In some cases, even ZTE&#039;s UD camera blends in with the display"  data-description="">
                                <img src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-748x420.png?x10805" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-748x420.png 748w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-300x169.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-768x431.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-1024x575.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-696x391.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited-1068x600.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited.png 1472w" sizes="(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px" alt="ZTE-Axon-20-5G-Under-display-camera-looks-fine-under-uniform-colors-edited">
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                            <figcaption class = "td-slide-caption td-gallery-slide-content"><div class = "td-gallery-slide-copywrite">In some cases, even ZTE's UD camera blends in with the display</div></figcaption>
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                                <img src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-749x420.png?x10805" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-749x420.png 749w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-300x168.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-768x430.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-1024x574.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-696x390.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China-1068x599.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-front-camera-Pheonix-Lab-China.png 1611w" sizes="(max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px" alt="ZTE Axon 20 5G front camera Pheonix Lab China">
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                            <figcaption class = "td-slide-caption td-gallery-slide-content"><div class = "td-gallery-slide-copywrite">Axon 20's camera quality is also not at par with good 2020 smartphonesSource: Pheonix Lab Review</div></figcaption>
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<p>While we haven&#8217;t yet tested the ZTE Axon 20 5G, this difference in quality was clearly highlighted by one of the reviewers (<a href="https://v.qq.com/x/page/j3145iiy5ku.html">Pheonix Lab</a>) from China.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">READ MORE:</span> <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/08/11/xiaomi-mi-tv-lux-oled-transparent-edition-launch/">Xiaomi Mi TV LUX OLED Transparent Edition is the cheapest transparent TV at 49,999 yuan ($7,195)</a></strong></p>
<h4><b>Xiaomi’s Under Display Camera Solution</b></h4>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/tag/xiaomi">Xiaomi</a> has taken a slightly different approach to this problem. According to the publicly available information, Xiaomi decided to make the pixels in the area above the camera smaller (instead of reducing the resolution) than the rest of the panel. This creates more space between the pixels, allowing more light to pass through. It looks like a slightly better solution than ZTE but it has very similar drawbacks. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_339287" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-339287" style="width: 620px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-8.37.31-AM.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-339287" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-8.37.31-AM.png?x10805" alt="Xiaomi 3 gen under screen camera tech" width="620" height="792" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-8.37.31-AM.png 620w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-8.37.31-AM-235x300.png 235w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-8.37.31-AM-329x420.png 329w" sizes="(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-339287" class="wp-caption-text">Top &#8211; Traditional OLED display with 4 RGB subpixels<br />Middle &#8211; Early In-display camera tech had only 1 RGB subpixel reserved for the display<br />Last &#8211; All four RGB pixels are lit up in the third-gen technology but they are smaller in size creating more space for light to pass through</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael explained,</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “And so [reducing pixel size] creates more space between the pixels for light to go through but [Xiaomi] didn&#8217;t actually cut holes. So it&#8217;s still kind of limited in terms of quality and the problem with making a pixel smaller is&#8230;you have to drive them much brighter and so there could be potential burn-in issues.” </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">He adds that there might also be a visible color shift in that area. </span></p>

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<p>In one hands-on video of the Xiaomi prototype (via <a href="https://v.qq.com/x/page/e31434hh7w9.html">PCHome</a>), we couldn&#8217;t find any visible difference in the quality of the display in the area (top left) above the camera and the rest of the panel. So Xiaomi&#8217;s solution seems to be better than ZTE. However, the phone was a prototype model and the hands-on video didn&#8217;t really focus on the UI elements on top of the camera or its selfie quality.</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael points out that both Xiaomi and ZTE will probably have to rely heavily on post-processing to make the selfies look better. Xiaomi could also leverage its </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2018/11/19/xiaomi-takes-over-meitus-phone-business-will-manufacture-meitu-branded-phones-and-smart-products/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">technology acquisition from Meitu </span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">2018. However, not all markets prefer heavily processed, beautified selfies, which is why Michael thinks that it’s going to be difficult to use this solution in the long run. </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>How is OTI Lumionic’s ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM technology different?</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to Michael, in order to fully explore the potential of under-display cameras and even transparent OLEDs, companies will have to make holes in their OLED displays to achieve a high level of transparency. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But the idea of making holes in between the pixels sounds quite complicated and risky. So I had to ask Michael about the durability of OTI’s solution. OLEDs have their share of drawbacks like dead/stuck pixels, burn-in, and even color shifts. So there’s always the question of how making holes in the panel would affect its durability in the long term. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341361" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341361" style="width: 1268px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341361" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap.png?x10805" alt="OLED pixel gap" width="1268" height="671" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap.png 1268w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap-300x159.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap-768x406.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap-1024x542.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap-696x368.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap-1068x565.png 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/OLED-pixel-gap-794x420.png 794w" sizes="(max-width: 1268px) 100vw, 1268px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341361" class="wp-caption-text">OLED pixel gap is utilized for increasing transparency &#8211; Source: OTI Lumionics</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But Michael seemed pretty confident in his technology. He explained, <em>“With our technique, we’re using the same evaporation process that [companies] use to actually make the red green blue (RGB) pixels in the OLED display, but it’s all low temperature. [There’s] no damage to the displays and we can go to any resolution &#8211; all the way down to a very tiny pixel size which would be equivalent to like thousand pixels per inch, which is about double the resolution of a normal smartphone display. And then, in that case, all of our data and our customer data show no degradation in the display quality and no long-term reliability issues.” </em></span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341362" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341362" style="width: 600px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/pattern-top-cathode.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341362" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/pattern-top-cathode.jpg?x10805" alt="pattern-top-cathode" width="600" height="600" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/pattern-top-cathode.jpg 600w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/pattern-top-cathode-150x150.jpg 150w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/pattern-top-cathode-300x300.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/pattern-top-cathode-420x420.jpg 420w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341362" class="wp-caption-text">pattern-top-cathode</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">His explanation sounds pretty convincing, but of course, without a real-world OLED product manufactured using the ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM solution, we will have to wait and see the difference in the quality and reliability of these panels. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Editor&#8217;s Pick: </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/03/boe-targets-shipment-of-40-million-flexible-oled-this-year/">BOE targets shipment of 40 million flexible OLED this year</a></strong></p>
<h3><b>Under-Display Cameras are coming to Mid-range phones First </b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Perfecting the under-screen camera technology will take some time and hence, companies will be hesitant to use it in an expensive model. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael said that in the first couple of generations of under-display cameras, manufacturers will have to sacrifice something to get it to work. This also brings us to another major highlight of under-display cameras of 2021. Unlike popular opinion, Michael says that the first generation in-display cameras are likely going to be implemented inside mid-range smartphones. So if you were expecting to see it on a flagship in the first half of 2021, you are set for disappointment.  </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael explained, “</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">We‘ve seen it in the past where Samsung and others have played out [experimental technologies] in some of their mid-tier products first to see how the market accepts it before rolling out across the board.”</span></i></p>
<p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Likely for the first two generations, we&#8217;ll have to sacrifice something. Either display [will be] slightly worse, or the camera will be slightly worse,” </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">he adds.</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> “What the early product lets us figure out is, which is more important to the consumer &#8212; hiding the camera and making the display perfect or keeping the camera quality as good as possible and if the display is not quite perfect, that&#8217;s not a big deal, because it&#8217;s still better than a notch.”</span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">So it’s going to be a trial and error for the first few generations until manufacturers gather enough consumer feedback to prioritize what’s more important &#8211; camera quality or display quality.</span></p>
<figure id="attachment_337493" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-337493" style="width: 690px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-official-render.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-337493" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-official-render.jpg?x10805" alt="ZTE Axon 20 5G official render" width="690" height="330" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-official-render.jpg 690w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ZTE-Axon-20-5G-official-render-300x143.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-337493" class="wp-caption-text">Axon 20 5G teaser</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The world’s first under-display camera turned out to be a $320 </span><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/01/zte-axon-20-5g-the-worlds-first-under-display-camera-phone-goes-official/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">mid-range Axon 20 5G</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. So ZTE has set the trend of what’s to come in 2021. We have also heard rumors about Xiaomi’s new in-display camera phone being a mid-range device. So top manufacturers are unlikely to implement an under-display camera solution in their expensive flagships, where there’s no room for mistakes. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But this also tells us that under-display cameras won’t be significantly expensive to mass-produce.</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>Under Display Cameras aren’t necessarily more expensive than a notch or punch hole solution</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to Michael, it&#8217;s still too early to comment on the exact pricing of OLED panels that support under-screen cameras but he is positive that the prices can come close to a traditional punch-hole or notch camera solution. </span></p>
<p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">“No one really knows what the final yield is going to be, and then the yield** directly drives what the panel prices are. One of the promising things is, of course, ZTE is putting [its UD camera panel] in a very low-end phone. It was like $300!”</span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">(**Production yield for a panel manufacturer is the number of good display panels as a percentage of the total number of display panels produced.)</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Michael adds,</span> <em><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Our expectation is that once you know the production is scaled, the cost for the panel should not be really that much different than the hole punch or notch displays of today. Because even though they have to add something to make the display semi-transparent they don&#8217;t have to cut a hole or cut a notch which has some potential yield loss. So the cost will kind of offset each other.” </span></em></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">His explanation gives us an idea of how under-display cameras can become mainstream in the next few years &#8211; possibly as common as a notch or a punch-hole solution. This makes things very exciting, especially because of what comes next after UD cameras become mainstream.  </span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><b>UD camera solution enables Larger Sensors, Multiple cameras, &amp; Better Positioning</b></h3>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The obsession with a full-screen display experience may have driven us to the point of shifting cameras underneath and there are several advantages in this design. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Currently, we are limited by the size of the notch or the punch hole on the display for the camera sensor. Imagine what happens when your camera can hide behind the screen, anywhere. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_339293" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-339293" style="width: 1049px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="wp-image-339293 size-full" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM.png?x10805" alt="Xiaomi 3 gen under screen camera selfie" width="1049" height="634" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM.png 1049w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM-300x181.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM-768x464.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM-1024x619.png 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM-696x421.png 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Screenshot-2020-08-28-at-9.36.58-AM-695x420.png 695w" sizes="(max-width: 1049px) 100vw, 1049px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-339293" class="wp-caption-text">Xiaomi&#8217;s 3rd gen under-screen camera selfie</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">When I asked Michael about the possibility of adding a larger sensor under the camera for better selfies, he was thrilled to say, <em>“It&#8217;s a really great question and I can even take it one step further. We&#8217;ve actually seen a number of customers interested in making, potentially, the entire display transparent.”</em></span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">So are we looking at completely transparent phones anytime soon?</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Just as I was about to ask this question, he added that the screen will still look like a regular OLED panel but the benefit of making the entire display transparent is allowing manufacturers to be flexible with the placement of the under-display camera and sensors. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">A larger transparent area would enable manufacturers to add in a much larger sensor for selfies underneath. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But that’s just one possibility. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">They can also add two or three cameras upfront with multiple IR sensors or even something like a Soli sensor without disturbing the full screen, distraction-free visual experience on phones. </span></p>
<figure id="attachment_341610" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-341610" style="width: 939px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-341610" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch.jpg?x10805" alt="Pixel 3 XL notch" width="939" height="527" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch.jpg 939w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch-300x168.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch-768x431.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch-696x391.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Pixel-3-XL-notch-748x420.jpg 748w" sizes="(max-width: 939px) 100vw, 939px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-341610" class="wp-caption-text">Pixel 3 XL had a large, ugly notch on top of the display</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But it&#8217;s not just about the number of sensors inside, it’s also about their placement. Michael adds, “[Right] n</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ow, I’m limited to only [one or two cameras] at the top bezel. And maybe in terms of the internal design of the phone, that’s actually not the best place. If I could move it somewhere else, I’d have more space for the battery, or I could make the phone thinner or make the phone lighter”.</span></i></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another advantage of flexible camera placement on the front is the angle of view. He says that with under-display cameras, camera placement is no longer limited on the top bezel, whether it&#8217;s on a phone or even a laptop. This gives them the freedom to place it anywhere on the display like the center of the OLED panel which probably will allow for a more immersive video calling and camera experience. </span></p>
<figure style="width: 690px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Huawei-MateBook-D-1.jpg?x10805" alt="Matebook X Pro 2020" width="690" height="389" /><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">In order to offer a near bezel-less screen experience on the Matebook X Pro, Huawei had to add a pop-up camera in its keyboard</figcaption></figure>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This is especially true in the case of larger devices such as laptops and TVs. Imagine if you could hide the camera at the center of their screens &#8212; it would allow for better quality video calls, especially if it feels like the person on the call is directly looking at you. In the case of existing solutions, if the person on a call is looking at the screen of the device, you’d often find that the camera focuses on his or her forehead, which doesn’t make for an immersive experience. This is particularly true in this age where video calls and video conferencing are becoming a vital part of our personal as well as professional lives. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Talking about video conferencing, Michael says companies like Microsoft are even considering the potential of under-screen cameras inside large TVs that are part of a video conferencing system. He adds, “</span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">What if the TV is transparent and then I have a bunch of cameras behind it. And again, it&#8217;s much better usability in terms of video call quality and social interaction.</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">”</span></p>
<figure id="attachment_230721" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-230721" style="width: 1280px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MAte-20-Pro-Notch-Front-Featured.png?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-230721" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MAte-20-Pro-Notch-Front-Featured.png?x10805" alt="MAte 20 Pro Notch Front Featured" width="1280" height="719" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MAte-20-Pro-Notch-Front-Featured.png 1280w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MAte-20-Pro-Notch-Front-Featured-300x169.png 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MAte-20-Pro-Notch-Front-Featured-768x431.png 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/MAte-20-Pro-Notch-Front-Featured-1024x575.png 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-230721" class="wp-caption-text">Huawei Mate 20 Pro with a waterdrop notch</figcaption></figure>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">My conversation with Michael made me realize that under-screen cameras are definitely the next step in smartphone evolution. The true purpose of spending millions of dollars and years in R&amp;D of under-display cameras is not just to bring a full-screen experience to the user. But it is to enable manufacturers to be flexible with the front camera solution, thereby opening up a lot of potential new applications, that wouldn’t have been possible before. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The first generation of under-screen cameras won’t be perfect. However, with innovative technologies like OTI Lumionics’ ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM, hopefully, within the next couple of years, we’ll meet phones that can match today’s flagships, in terms of both display and camera quality.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">OTI recently received a <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/01/lg-reportedly-invests-in-display-technology-startup-oti-lumionics/">strategic investment from LG Ventures</a> (the investment arm of LG Group) to help accelerate the commercial adoption of its materials and scale up operations. The latest version of OTI’s ConducTorr<img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/13.1.0/72x72/2122.png" alt="™" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> CPM is ready for mass production and will ship to smartphone display customers in Q4 2020. And the first set of under-display camera phones manufactured using this material is expected to hit the markets in 2021. </span></p>
<p>In the next article, coming up next week, you&#8217;ll get to read more about transparent OLEDs, their applications, and foldables. So stay tuned to Gizmochina!</p>
<h6 class="related"><strong>UP NEXT: <a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/08/china-largest-oled-panel-buyer/">China becomes the largest buyer of smartphone OLED panels: UBI Research</a> </strong></h6>
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<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/10/under-display-camera-oled-development-application-future/">[UPDATED] Explained: Under Display Cameras &#038; its Application with the CEO of OTI Lumionics</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com">Gizmochina</a>.</p>
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		<title>LG reportedly invests in display technology startup OTI Lumionics</title>
		<link>https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/01/lg-reportedly-invests-in-display-technology-startup-oti-lumionics/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jed John Ikoba]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2020 02:17:07 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[LG]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[LG Electronics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OTI Lumionics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.gizmochina.com/?p=339810</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="200" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-300x200.jpg?x10805" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="LG" loading="lazy" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-1068x712.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-630x420.jpg 630w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><p>Toronto-based startup OTI Lumionics has announced that it has received a strategic investment from LG Technology Ventures – the venture capital investment arm of LG Group. According to OTI, the investment will be used to help accelerate the adoption of the firm’s materials in mass production, including its ConducTorrTM CPM solution for under-display cameras. Earlier [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/01/lg-reportedly-invests-in-display-technology-startup-oti-lumionics/">LG reportedly invests in display technology startup OTI Lumionics</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com">Gizmochina</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="200" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-300x200.jpg?x10805" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="LG" loading="lazy" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-1068x712.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-630x420.jpg 630w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /><p>Toronto-based startup OTI Lumionics has announced that it has received a strategic investment from LG Technology Ventures – the venture capital investment arm of LG Group.<a href="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display.jpg?x10805"><img loading="lazy" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-339825" src="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display.jpg?x10805" alt="LG" width="1200" height="800" srcset="https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display.jpg 1200w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-696x464.jpg 696w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-1068x712.jpg 1068w, https://www.gizmochina.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/lg-flexible-display-630x420.jpg 630w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></a></p>
<p>According to OTI, the investment will be used to help accelerate the adoption of the firm’s materials in mass production, including its ConducTorrTM CPM solution for under-display cameras.</p>
<p>Earlier this month, OTI announced its latest version of ConducTorrTM Cathode Patterning Material (CPM) is ready for mass production and will start shipping in Q4 2020 for use in next-generation mobile devices and other displays.</p>
<p>“We are thrilled to have LG Technology Ventures as a valuable partner for the development of our materials as we gear up for mass production,” said Michael Helander, Co-Founder and CEO of OTI Lumionics. “It is great validation to have a leading brand like LG partner in our efforts to create the most advanced display solutions in the industry.”</p>
<p>Manufacturers are looking for innovative solutions to speed the development of transparent displays. OTI focuses on cathode patterning to enable new display applications for OLEDs, including transparent displays, under-display cameras and sensors, foldable displays, and automotive displays.</p>
<p>A statement by Michael Falcon, investment director for LG Technology Ventures reads; “LG Technology Ventures has been closely monitoring the progress of OTI and is excited to now become an investor. We look forward to working with OTI to help commercialize its technology in multiple display applications.”</p>
<p>LG&#8217;s investment is said to be part of a larger strategic funding round, which including participation from another leading consumer electronics brand as well as existing investors Anzu Partners and Draper Dragon.</p>
<h6 class="related"><strong>UP NEXT: <a title="Xiaomi Mi 10 Ultra beats Huawei P40 Pro in Camera Performance with a DxOMark score of 130" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/08/11/xiaomi-mi-10-ultra-dxomark-score-130-beats-huawei-p40-pro/" rel="bookmark">Xiaomi Mi 10 Ultra beats Huawei P40 Pro in Camera Performance with a DxOMark score of 130</a></strong></h6>
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<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com/2020/09/01/lg-reportedly-invests-in-display-technology-startup-oti-lumionics/">LG reportedly invests in display technology startup OTI Lumionics</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.gizmochina.com">Gizmochina</a>.</p>
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